In this section of the tutorial, we will discuss the most popular data type in Python, i.e., string. We will try to cover almost every Python string method and python string functions. Firstly, we will see the definition of Python Strings with the help of examples. Now let’s started out main topic of this article i.e. Python string methods and python string functions.
What is Python String?
Python strings are a cluster of characters enclosed in single, double, or triple quotations. The characters are not understood by the computer, which internally saves altered characters as a string of 0s and 1s.
The ASCII or Unicode character is used to encode each character. Thus, we can also refer to Python strings as a set of Unicode characters.
Python allows you to build strings by surrounding a single or series of characters in quotations. Python gives us the option to generate the string using single, double, or triple quotations.
Take into account the Python example below to generate a string.
Syntax of Python String:
str = "Hi Python !"Here, if we use a Python script to determine the type of the variable str
print(type(str)), then it will print a string (str).Python does not support the character data-type because strings are viewed as sequences of characters; instead, a single character typed as "p" is interpreted as a string of length 1.
Creating String in Python
By surrounding the characters in single or double quotations, we may turn them into a string. Although it is typically used for multiline strings or docstrings, Python also has triple-quotes to denote the text.
#Using single quotes
str1 = 'Hello Python'
print(str1)
#Using double quotes
str2 = "Hello Python"
print(str2)
#Using triple quotes
str3 = '''''Triple quotes are generally used for
represent the multiline or
docstring'''
print(str3) Strings Indexing and Splitting
The Python string indexing begins at 0 much as other languages. For instance, the index for the string "HELLO" is shown in the picture below.
Consider the following example:
str = "HELLO"
print(str[0])
print(str[1])
print(str[2])
print(str[3])
print(str[4])
# It returns the IndexError because 6th index doesn't exist
print(str[6]) The slice operator [] is used to access the string’s individual characters, as demonstrated in Python. However, we may obtain the substring from the provided text in Python by using the: (colon) operator. Consider the case below.
In this case, it’s important to note that the higher range specified by the slice operator is always exclusive; for example, if str = ‘HELLO’ is supplied, str[1:3] will always include str[1] = ‘E’ and str[2] = ‘L’ and nothing else.
Python String Methods
Strings in Python contain 47 methods. Nearly as many Python built-in functions exist as there are string methods! Which string operations should you start by learning?
There are a dozen or so string techniques that are incredibly helpful and deserving of being memorised. After looking at the most helpful string ways, we’ll quickly go over the other methods and why they’re less effective.
Table of Python String Methods
| Function Name | Description |
|---|---|
| capitalize() | the string’s initial character is changed to an uppercase (capital) letter. |
| casefold() | uses case-free string matching |
| center() | Add the requested character to the string as padding. |
| count() | The number of times a substring appears in the string is returned. |
| encode() | Strings are encoded using the chosen encoding technique. |
| endswith() | If a string ends with the specified suffix, it returns "True." |
| expandtabs() | specifies how much space will be used to replace the string’s "t" symbol. |
| find() | if the substring is discovered, returns the lowest index of the substring. |
| format() | prepares the string for console output. |
| format_map() | uses a dictionary to format given values in a string. |
| index() | returns the location of a substring’s first occurrence within a string. |
| isalnum() | determines if every character in a string is an alphabetic character. |
| isalpha() | returns "True" if the string contains just alphabetic letters. |
| isdecimal() | returns true if a string contains only decimal characters. |
| isdigit() | returns "True" if the string contains just numbers. |
| isidentifier() | Verify whether a string is a recognized identifier. |
| islower() | determines if all of the string’s characters are lowercase. |
| isnumeric() | returns "True" if the string contains just numeric characters. |
| isprintable() | Returns "True" if the string contains just readable characters or nothing at all. |
| isspace() | returns "True" if the string only contains whitespace characters. |
| istitle() | If the string is a title-cased string, it returns "True." |
| isupper() | determines if every character in the string is capitalised |
| join() | produces a String that has been joined. |
| ljust() | Left aligns the string according to the width specified |
| lower() | Converts all uppercase characters in a string into lowercase |
| lstrip() | Returns the string with leading characters removed |
| maketrans() | Returns a translation table |
| partition() | Splits the string at the first occurrence of the separator |
| replace() | Replaces all occurrences of a substring with another substring |
| rfind() | Returns the highest index of the substring |
| rindex() | Returns the highest index of the substring inside the string |
| rjust() | Right aligns the string according to the width specified |
| rpartition() | Split the given string into three parts |
| rsplit() | Split the string from the right by the specified separator |
| rstrip() | Removes trailing characters |
| splitlines() | Split the lines at line boundaries |
| startswith() | Returns “True” if a string starts with the given prefix |
| strip() | Returns the string with both leading and trailing characters |
| swapcase() | Converts all uppercase characters to lowercase and vice versa |
| title() | Convert string to title case |
| translate() | Modify string according to given translation mappings |
| upper() | Converts all lowercase characters in a string into uppercase |
| zfill() | Returns a copy of the string with ‘0’ characters padded to the left side of the string |
Numerous built-in functions in Python are available to modify strings. Since Python Strings are immutable, each of these functions returns a new string while maintaining the integrity of the old string.
Python String Functions
There are several ways to manipulate a String. It’s impossible to recall them all, though. So I’ve separated them into several categories here.
- Must Know String Functions
- Good to Know String Functions
- Miscellaneous String Functions
- Built-in Functions that work on String
- Useful String Operations
Must Know String Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| format() | It’s used to create a formatted string from the template string and the supplied values. |
| split() | Python string split() function is used to split a string into the list of strings based on a delimiter. |
| join() | This function returns a new string that is the concatenation of the strings in iterable with string object as a delimiter. |
| strip() | Used to trim whitespaces from the string object. |
| format_map() | Python string format_map() function returns a formatted version of the string using substitutions from the mapping provided. |
| upper() | We can convert a string to uppercase in Python using str.upper() function. |
| lower() | This function creates a new string in lowercase. |
| replace() | Python string replace() function is used to create a new string by replacing some parts of another string. |
| find() | Python String find() method is used to find the index of a substring in a string. |
| translate() | Python String translate() function returns a new string with each character in the string replaced using the given translation table. |
Good to Know String Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| encode() | Python string encode() function is used to encode the string using the provided encoding. |
| count() | Python String count() function returns the number of occurrences of a substring in the given string. |
| startswith() | Python string startswith() function returns True if the string starts with the given prefix, otherwise it returns False. |
| endswith() | Python string endswith() function returns True if the string ends with the given suffix, otherwise it returns False. |
| capitalize() | Python String capitalize() function returns the capitalized version of the string. |
| center() | Python string center() function returns a centered string of specified size. |
| casefold() | Python string casefold() function returns a casefolded copy of the string. This function is used to perform case-insensitive string comparison. |
| expandtabs() | Python string expandtabs() function returns a new string with tab characters (\t) replaced with one or more whitespaces. |
| index() | Python String index() function returns the lowest index where the specified substring is found. |
| contains() | Python String class has a __contains__() function that we can use to check if it contains another string or not. We can also use “in” operator to perform this check. |
Have I listed All the Python String Methods?
I’ve virtually covered every significant Python string functions. Some of them, though, could have been missed. The latest version of this list is Python 3.7. Therefore, any feature that will be included in subsequent editions is not yet included here. Please let me know in the comments if I’ve missed any crucial features, and I’ll add them as well.
Conclusion
So with this, we have ended this article. We hope you will get a clear understanding of the python string methods and python string functions. We have covered every python method and function.