Last Updated on March 2, 2023 by Prepbytes
This article contains important manual testing interview questions that you can utilize to enhance your confidence before that important interview. If you’re currently active in some parts of software testing, you should still take a look with the purpose of upskilling. After all, the more grip you have over each stage of software development, the more competitive you will be. In this article, we have divided all the manual testing interview questions into two categories-The first category is basic manual testing interview questions for freshers and the second is advanced manual testing interview questions for experienced.
Basic Manual Testing Interview Questions For Freshers
Given below are basic interview questions for manual testing
Question 1: What is manual testing and why is it important?
Ans: Manual testing is a type of software testing where testers manually execute test cases without the use of automated tools. It is important because it helps identify defects and ensure that the software meets its requirements and user expectations.
Question 2: What are the different types of manual testing?
Ans: The different types of manual testing include functional testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing, regression testing, and exploratory testing.
Question 3: What is the difference between positive and negative testing?
Ans: Positive testing focuses on ensuring that the software functions as expected and meets its requirements. Negative testing, on the other hand, focuses on verifying that the software behaves correctly in unexpected or invalid inputs.
Question 4: What are the advantages and disadvantages of manual testing?
Ans: Advantages of manual testing:
- Flexibility: Manual testing allows for greater flexibility in testing, as testers can design and execute tests in any way they see fit.
- Cost-effective: Manual testing is often a cost-effective solution compared to automated testing, especially for smaller projects or projects with limited budgets.
- User perspective: Manual testing provides an opportunity to test the product from the user’s perspective, which can help identify usability and user experience issues.
- Detailed testing: With manual testing, testers have the ability to test every aspect of a product in detail, including edge cases and obscure scenarios that may be missed by automated testing.
Disadvantages of manual testing:
- Time-consuming: Manual testing is a time-consuming process, especially for large or complex projects.
- Tedious and repetitive: Manual testing can be tedious and repetitive, leading to errors or oversights by testers.
- Limited scalability: The manual testing process becomes increasingly difficult to scale as the size and complexity of a project grows, making it a challenge for larger projects.
- Lack of consistency: Manual testing can be inconsistent, as different testers may interpret and execute tests differently, leading to inconsistencies in results.
- Dependent on human factors: The accuracy and reliability of manual testing are dependent on the skills, experience, and attention to detail of the testers, which can lead to human error.
Question 5: Describe the Manual Testing Process
Ans: The manual testing process involves the following steps:
- Requirement Analysis: It helps to identify and clarify the specific requirements that the software must meet. This information is used to create test cases and ensure that the software meets the expectations of its users.
- Test Planning: Identifying the scope, objectives, and strategies for testing, and creating a test plan.
- Test Case Design: Writing test cases to validate the software requirements and features.
- Test Environment Setup: Setting up the hardware, software, and test data required to execute the test cases.
- Test Execution: Running the test cases, recording the results, and verifying that the software behaves as expected.
- Test Results Analysis: Analyzing the test results, identifying any discrepancies, and documenting any defects or bugs found.
- Defect Reporting: Reporting any defects or bugs found during testing, along with the relevant information, such as steps to reproduce, severity, and priority.
- Test Closure: Completing the testing process, evaluating the results, and documenting any lessons learned for future reference.
- Maintenance: Keeping the test cases and test environment up-to-date as the software evolves, and executing regression testing to verify that changes do not introduce new defects.
Question 6: What are the different levels of manual testing?
Ans: Manual testing can be performed at several levels, including:
- Unit Testing: Testing individual components or units of code in isolation to verify that they meet their functional requirements.
- Integration Testing: Testing the interaction between components or systems to ensure that they work together as expected.
- System Testing: Testing the complete system or product to verify that it meets the requirements and performs as intended in a real-world environment.
- Acceptance Testing: Testing the system to determine if it is acceptable for release to the end-users, based on criteria such as functionality, performance, security, and usability.
- Regression Testing: Testing the system after changes have been made, to ensure that the changes have not introduced new defects or impacted existing functionality.
- User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Testing performed by end-users or stakeholders to verify that the system meets their needs and expectations.
Each level of testing builds upon the previous one, with the goal of thoroughly testing the system and verifying its quality and reliability. The specific levels and types of manual testing performed may vary depending on the development method and the needs of the project.
Question 7: What is exploratory testing and when is it used?
Ans: Exploratory testing is a type of manual testing where testers actively explore the software to identify defects and gain a deeper understanding of its functionality. It is often used early in the testing process to provide quick feedback on the software’s overall quality.
Question 8: Name some commonly used manual testing tools
Ans: Here are some of the manual testing tools commonly used for manual testing:
- Bug Tracking Systems: Tools that help manage and track bugs and issues, such as JIRA, Bugzilla, and Trello.
- Test Management Tools: Tools that help plan, design, execute, and report manual testing activities, such as Zephyr, TestRail, and qTest.
- Screen Capture and Recording Tools: Tools that help capture and document manual testing activities, such as Camtasia, Snagit, and Loom.
- Collaboration Tools: Tools that help facilitate communication and collaboration among team members, such as Slack, Microsoft Teams, and Asana.
- Mind Mapping Tools: Tools that help visualize and organize test cases, such as XMind, FreeMind, and MindNode.
Advanced Manual Testing Interview Questions For Experienced
Given below are advanced interview questions for Manual Testing
Question 1: Explain the terms – bugs, defects, and errors.
Ans: Bugs, defects, and errors are terms used to describe issues or problems in software or systems. Each term is described below:
- Bug: A bug is a mistake or error in the code that causes unexpected behavior or results. A bug can be a syntax error, a logical error, or an error in the implementation of a feature.
- Defect: A defect is a deviation from the specified requirements or design of a system or product. A defect can be the result of a bug, but it can also be caused by other factors such as incorrect design, incorrect data, or incorrect user input.
- Error: An error is a problem that occurs during the execution of a program, which may result in unexpected or incorrect behavior. An error can be the result of a bug, but it can also be caused by incorrect input, incorrect configuration, or other external factors.
In summary, bugs are mistakes in the code, defects are deviations from the requirements, and errors are problems that occur during execution. These terms are often used interchangeably in software development and testing, but they are distinct concepts that reflect different aspects of software quality.
Question 2: State the difference between alpha testing and Beta testing
Ans: Alpha testing and beta testing are two stages of software testing that occur before a product is released to the general public. Here is the difference between alpha testing and beta testing:
- Alpha Testing: Alpha testing is the first stage of testing a product internally, usually conducted by the development team and/or a selected group of testers. It is performed in a controlled environment, such as the development laboratory, to identify any major bugs or defects. Alpha testing is typically focused on functionality, performance, and stability, and is performed before the product is released to external beta testers.
- Beta Testing: Beta testing is the second stage of testing a product, conducted by a wider group of external users, such as customers or potential customers. It is performed in a real-world environment, to simulate how the product will be used by end users. Beta testing is focused on usability, compatibility, and customer feedback, and is intended to identify any remaining bugs or defects that were not detected in alpha testing.
In summary, alpha testing is focused on internal testing of a product’s functionality, performance, and stability, while beta testing is focused on external testing of a product’s usability, compatibility, and customer feedback. Both stages of testing are important for ensuring the quality and reliability of a product before it is released to the public.
Question 3: Define critical bug
Ans: A critical bug is a software bug or defect that has a significant impact on the functionality, performance, or security of a product. A critical bug can cause the product to crash, produce incorrect results, compromise data security, or prevent the product from being used as intended.
Critical bugs are considered high priority and need to be fixed as soon as possible, as they can negatively impact the user experience and the reputation of the product. They are often prioritized higher than other types of bugs, such as cosmetic or minor bugs, and can result in product delays or recalls if not addressed promptly.
In software development and testing, critical bugs are identified and tracked using bug tracking systems, and teams typically have established processes for triaging, fixing, and verifying the fixes for critical bugs. The goal is to identify and resolve critical bugs before the product is released to the public, to ensure the product is of high quality and reliable.
Question 4: What is Black Box Testing?
Ans: Black-Box testing, also known as specification-based testing, examines the functionality of a software or application without knowing anything about its internal structure or design. The goal of this testing is to guarantee that the system as a whole function properly and meets user expectations.
Question 5: What is White Box Testing?
Ans: White-Box Testing, also known as structure-based testing, demands a thorough understanding of the code because it includes testing of some structural components of the application. The goal of this testing is to improve security, verify the flow of inputs and outputs via the application, and improve design and usability.
Conclusion
You can absolutely prepare effectively now that you have a list of manual testing interview questions. So, go over these questions again and again until you can give the right answers without hesitating.
All the Best For the Interview!!